To the simple form were added well-proportioned and finely articulated Greek Revival details. Across the main (South) facade extends an inset gallery supported by six handsomely proportioned square columns. These supports rest on a molded base, have square chamfered shafts and are topped by a molded capital. The symmetrical, five bay main facade displays a wide, central double door, surrounded by sidelights of three rectangular lights over a molded panel and a six-light transom. A beautifully proportioned entablature crowns the composition. Flanking the door are four narrow, double-hung, floor length windows containing six-over-nine lights and crowned by an entablature identical to that of the main entrance.

The sides and rear facades have few Greek Revival ornamentation's and the additions made to the house during the 1870's and again in the 1960's conceal some of the symmetrical arrangement of the basic square block. The East facade displays the formal symmetry of the front elevation in its five-bay composition. The central double door is slightly inset and contains only a simple two-light transom. Flanking both sides of the East entrance are two simply framed six-over-six light windows and between each pair of windows is an
exterior brick end chimney. Originally the west facade was identical to the East, but the arrangement at the Northwest corner of the house has been altered by an addition. Across the rear (North) a two-room addition was attached in the 1870's. The original chimney remains on the Eeast end of this addition. At the Northwest corner of the house the present owners have built a hip-roofed kitchen wing and a screened porch extends across part of the North facade.

The interior plan of the original Greek Revival house, whose front portion incorporates the original log structure, varies from the usual Greek Revival plan of a central hall with rooms on each side. Instead, the hall is perpendicularly bisected yielding one central hall from South to North and another from East to West, dividing the house into four rooms. The molded baseboards, door and window cornices and the board and batten ceilings attest to the craftsmanship of the builder. In addition, two of the original classically molded mantles remain, and have been used as models for other reconstructed mantles. On each side of the interior double doors which open from the parlor onto the central hall, panels have been revealed to show the log construction of those rooms.

Outbuildings included on the nominated property are described below:

Barn: southwest of the main house. This structure is a wood frame building (13' x 12') with hipped roof. Although the date of construction is uncertain, this is the oldest outbuilding on the property, and likely dates from the same period as the house.

Carriage House: immediately West of the main house. This one-story frame building with clapboard siding was built from wood of the old kitchen outbuilding. It has a pitched roof with a cupola. The pitch of the roof changes at both the East and West ends to form an open shed.

Slave or Servants' Quarters: Southeast of the house. This building is a one-story pitch-roofed cottage with one main room and a shed room at the rear. The two-bay main facade with a single door and window is sheltered by a gallery supported on three square columns with molded trim. Although it was removed from its original location at 203 W. Grand Avenue in Marshall in 1964, the building did serve as servant quarters there at the Key family plantation, which had been in existence since before the Civil War. The present owner believes it may also have houses slaves before the War.

Well House: North of the house. A new brick wellhouse covering a deep water well dug by the Greggs.

Built as a double log, dog-trot cabin between 1841-1844 and enlarged to a Greek Revival house in the mid-19th century, the Dial Williamson House is an excellent example of the mid-19th century Greek Revival plantation houses built in Harrison County. Although simple in ornamentation, the house displays some notable architectural features such as the refinement of details in the molded
columns and the classically molded entablatures above the South (front) door and windows, as well as the perpendicularly bisecting cross hall variation on the standard Greek Revival central hall plan.

The Dial-Williamson House derives its name from two prominent 19th century owners, G.C. Dial, a wealthy and influential planter in the mid-19th century, and J. B. Williamson, a powerful local politician in the years following the Civil War. The two original log rooms were probably built by the first landowner, Henry Morgan, who had been awarded a land grant by the Republic of Texas. G.C. Dial acquired the property in 1844 and lived in the house until 1869. He enlarged the house from the early Texas log structure into a refined four-room Greek Revival residence. Dial was one of Harrison County's significant early landowners and cotton farmers. When he was courting Anna Raguet of Marshall, Sam Houston was a frequent visitor in Dial's home. J. B. Williamson, a Republican politician and county judge during Reconstruction, bought the Dial house in 1869. Williamson was the first and only Republican county judge of
Harrison County until the 1970's. After Williamson's death in 1883, the house was occupied until the 1940's by his descendants. In 1962 the current owners, Mr. and Mrs. D.J. Gregg, bought the property and restored the house to use as their retirement home.

Resource Name: Edgemont
Address: W of Marshall
Architect: Ward,W.R.D.
County: Harrison
City: Marshall
Architectural Style: GREEK REVIVAL
Narrative: Three miles West of Marshall on the old Henderson stage-coach road, Highway No. 15, stands a porticoed, two-story brick antebellum home, Edgemont, built by W. R. D. Ward for Montreville Hall between 1844 and 1847. This Greek Revival plantation house, with hipped roof and interior chimneys, stands on a hill, surrounded by trees. Facing north, Edgemont has an excellent
view of the country side.

The dominant focal point of the North facade is the central, pedimented portico supported by two two-story, white, fluted octagonal columns. Pilasters repeating the column configuration are affixed to the brick facade. Both entrances on the first and second floor consist of a single door with transom and side lights. Eight six over six light windows with wooden lintels are symmetrically arranged with four windows to either side of the portico. The walls are made of brick from native clay.

The symmetrical arrangement is present in the plan as well. Each floor has a central hall 15 feet wide with two rooms to either side measuring 20 feet by 20 feet. Each room has its own fireplace. Two massive chimneys of brick, located on the centerline equidistant from the mid-point of the roof, accommodate all eight fireplaces. The interior walls are still covered with the original plaster
made from sand, lime and animal hair. Other than the ceiling, the plaster is in excellent condition.

The three foot thick walls support 16' ceiling, The original wide board heart pine flooring and joists plus the original molding, woodwork trim, mantels and their pilaster, doors, hinges, and hardware are still intact. Also remaining are the original stairs and stairwells.

The upstairs hallway has collapsible triple doors at the rear, closing off the central hall on the second floor. This feature enables cross-ventilation for each of the four rooms. Montreville Hall had a dumb waiter installed for convenience during his frequent entertaining.

In the twentieth century some additions were made without structural changes. Since 1930 a partition has closed off the stairway at the second floor in order to minimize heating and cooling. The South end of the down-stairs hall was partitioned off to form a room, though no structural walls were disturbed. The rear entrance was altered and a porch was added. Around 1950 a family type one story room was added to the Northeast side.

The present owner, Richard M. Anderson, has plans to restore the house to its original condition. The family room to the Northeast and the rear north were removed recently in an initial effort to restore the house.

Edgemont, an excellent example of Greek Revival architecture, is located in Harrison County, with several century old plantation houses. Many of the mansions and raised cottages share the native materials of brick from local clay and hardwood timber. In the mid 1840's Montreville Hall, a prominent lawyer and Texas politician, contracted W.R.D. Ward to build Edgemont near Marshall, a city in Harrison County. Ward had constructed several structures in Marshall, such as Magnolia Hall (National Register submission "Old Pierce House", 4-13-73) and the First Methodist Church of Marshall. Edgemont entertained prominent Texas leaders, including the ex-governor Edward Clark, in grand style.

Montreville Hall, born 1819 in Alabama, studied law at the University of Virginia before he left for Texas. Then he arrived in Marshall, Texas in 1844 he bought 640 acres of land three miles west of Marshall from Clark and Barton for $1000. This land was originally owned by George W. Morgan, who received it from the Republic of Texas for his service in the Republic's army. While W.R.D.
Ward was building the house, during the mid 1840's, the Halls lived in a house built by William Barton, circa 1830. Slave labor built Edgemont of hand pressed bricks made on the premises from native clay.

Montreville Hall was a prominent farmer, lawyer, and community leader of Harrison county. Highly regarded in the community he received numerous political appointments. He represented the people of Harrison county as a delegate to a people's convention for secession. When Governor Houston called a special legislative session to empower the people's convention for secession, Hall was the representative from Harrison county again.

During the Civil War, Hall served as Asst. Treasurer of the Confederacy, for this section of the state, and was a colonel in the Confederate Army. After the war he resumed his law practice. Though he no longer was eligible for elected positions he maintained much influence in his county and actively sought to prevent disenfranchisement of the white voter. Edgemont remained a gathering
place of local conservative leaders during the Reconstruction years, until 1871 when Hall died.

The house was then occupied by M.J. Hall Jr. and his sister and brother-in-law, Mr. and Mrs. William C. Gwynn. After the Gwynns moved to Oklahoma the house changed hands several times, serving as the private residence for various farmers. When Leo Anderson Melady died the house became available and in 1976 Richard M. Anderson, a collateral descendant of the builder, bought it. He intends to return Edgemont to its original condition and has already removed some later additions.

Marker Title: Edgemont
Address:
City: Marshall
County: Harrison
Year Marker Erected: 1982
Designations: na
Marker Location:
Marker Text: Virginia native Montraville "Mont" Hall (1819-71) had this Greek revival plantation house built shortly after moving to harrison County in 1844. Designed and constructed by W. R. D. Ward, it features a distinctive portico with octagonal columns. Hall became a successful planter and a leader in politics, law, business and the area's early railroad development. His political career included service in the Texas Legislature and the 1861 State Secession Convention. Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 1981

Marker Title: Fraley-Garland House
Address: 700 E. Rusk at Davis St.
City: Marshall
County: Harrison
Year Marker Erected: 1986
Designations: Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
Marker Location:
Marker Text: Designed in the American four-square style with colonial revival detailing, this home was built for Clinton Virgil Fraley in 1896. A Confederate soldier captured and held in Union prisons during the Civil War, Fraley moved from his native Kentucky to Marshall in 1866. Here he served as deputy sheriff, tax collector, and constable. Railroad worker Wiley E. Garland bought this
home in 1907 and, with his wife, operated it as a boardinghouse for over 50 years. Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 1986

Resource Name: Fry-Barry House
Address: 314 W. Austin
Architect: Ward, W.R.D.
County: Harrison
City: Marshall
Architectural Style: GREEK REVIVAL
Narrative: The Fry-Barry House, located on Lots 1 and 2, Block 41 of the original townsite of Marshall, Texas is a brick and frame residence built in the Greek Revival style. Five bays wide, this one story house is set on a brick full basement. The roofline is a combination of both hipped and gable forms and is punctured by two interior chimneys on the west elevation and one exteriro chimney on the east elevation. At the time of its construction, between 1853 and 1860, the plan for the basement level indicated a dining room, a "root cellar" and other utility rooms. At the upper level, a center hall separates four large, essentially square rooms, two on each side. One of the rooms was utilized as a parlor, the remaining three as bedrooms. The kitchen was attached to an outbuilding behind the house, which also housed the family servants. The structure occupies an extensive portion of the block bordered by Austin and Houston Streets on the north and south and Fulton and Franklin Streets on the west and east. Gardens were located to the east of the house, while the barn and stables were found behind the servant's quarters.

Brick for the foundation and first floor walls were handmade on a nearby open lot, and lumber for the house was cut from native trees at a sawmill outside the city's boundaries. The exposed ceiling beams of the basement level which serve also as the floor joists for the upper level, are foot square hewn timbers with tongue and groove joints.

A broad central stairway originally dominated the main (north) facade, but the gallery and approach have since been altered. The raised gallery with an approach from each side shelters three of the five bays. A wide double door with sidelights and a transom is flanked on each side by a pair of six over six light windows.

The most extensive alterations occurred after 1872 as the original rear porch on the upper level was enclosed for a living room, sitting room and additional bedrooms. An exterior stairway originally had led from the rear porch to the dining room and other rooms in the basement level. When the rear porch was enclosed, this stairway was also enclosed and a kitchen wing was constructed adjacent to the dining room within the original structure.

No less for its architectural charm than for its association for more than a century with one of Marshall's most distinguished families, the Fry-Barry House is one of the city's oldest homes and one of its most eloquent expressions of the Greek Revival. W.R.D. Ward, its architect, was a wealthy planter and merchant who also designed a quite similar dwelling at 303 North Columbus Street in Marshall (now known as Magnolia Hall) which was the first Marshall structure listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Ward's
own home (no longer standing) which he also designed and constructed at 408 North Wellington Street, was similar in design to both the Fry Barry House and Magnolia Hall.

Fidel Bircher bought this site in 1853 from W.R.D. Ward and presumably commissioned Ward to then construct a house between 1853 and 1860. In 1863 William T. Womack bought the house and then sold it in 1872 to E. J. Fry (1845-1927), a sixth generation member of a notable Virginia family founded by Joshua Fry.

After the death of his father, E.J. Fry moved to Texas with his mother in 1855, when he was less than 10 years old. When his schooling in northern Louisiana was interrupted in 1863 by the approach of a Union expedition, he enlisted in a Texas regiment and participated in the battles of Wilson's Farm, Mansfield, Pleasant Hill, Monett's Ferry, Alexandria, Marksville and Yellow Bayou before the surrender.

After moving to Marshall in 1872, he became a partner and then sole owner of a private bank. In 1887 he purchased stock held in the First National Bank by W.P. Poland and became the bank's original vice president, holding that post until his death in 1927. During his business career he organized the Marshall Compress Co, one of the largest in the state, and was one of the founders of the Marshall Cartwheel and Foundry Co., an industry which continues to the present as a division of Cobb Industries, serving as its first president. He was a founder and director of the Southland Life Insurance Co of Dallas and one of the founders of Arthur A, Everts Jewelry in Dallas, serving as its vice president. Beyond his business interests, he was instrumental in bringing to Marshall the city's first electric plant, its first opera house, its water system and many other municipal improvements.

A longtime Mason, he served as Grand Commander of the Texas Knights Templar and was one of the state's first 33d degree Scottish Rite Masons. At his 79th birthday in 1924, it was reported that he had held office in local Masonic bodies for a total of 161 "Masonic years," longer than any other Mason in Texas except one who had the same record. Also a long time and devoted communicant of Trinity Episcopal Church in Marshall, he served as its senior warden for 30 years.

Upon E.J. Fry's death in 1927, his third child, Pamela and her husband, Walter L. Barry inherited the family home. W.L. Barry had followed his father-in-law's footsteps as a banker, joining the staff of the First National Bank only 16 years after its chartering. Mr. and Mrs. Barry were the parents of two children, Edwin Fry Barry and Mary Louise Barry. Edwin Fry Barry served as a lieutenant in World War I and in World War II was an ordnance colonel in the Corregidor garrison, dying in a prison camp in 1942. After the death of W.L. Barry (1942) and Pamela Barry (1961), Mary Louise Barry inherited the house. The Barry estate presently owns the house and two cousins living in Marshall plan to restore the property.

Marker Title: The Belle Fry Gaines House
Address: 313 W. Austin at Fulton St.
City: Marshall
County: Harrison
Year Marker Erected: 1978
Designations: Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
Marker Location:
Marker Text: This residence was erected for John R. (b. 1849) and Sallie Stinson (b. 1857) soon after their marriage in Sept. 1875. The wood framing around the entryway was carved to resemble cut stone. Stinson was a merchant and served one term as mayor of Marshall. In 1909 Walter D. Minton (D. 1918) bought the structure. after Minton's death, his widow Belle (Fry) (d. 1978) married E. P. Gaines. She operated an antique shop in the house for many years. Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 1978

Marker Title: Ginocchio-Cook-Pedison House
Address: 615 N. Washington at Ginnocchio St.
City: Marshall
County: Harrison
Year Marker Erected: 1973
Designations: Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
Marker Location:
Marker Text: Italian-American business leader Charles Ginocchio (1844-98) and wife Roxana settled in Marshall in 1871; built this home, 1886. Architect: C. G. Lancaster, designer of county courthouse. In Ginocchio household was a nephew, George J. Signaigo, whose parents-in-law, Mr. and Mrs. Behn Cook, bought place in 1900, had Signaigos live with them until 1912, retained title until 1945. Owners since 1945: Grecian-Americans, Mr. and Mrs. A. P. Pedison, ex-operators of Ginocchio Hotel dining room. Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 1973

Marker Title: The Gregg-Furrh-Elder House
Address: 407 W. Rusk St.
City: Marshall
County: Harrison
Year Marker Erected: 1972
Designations: Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
Marker Location:
Marker Text: Built 1854 by business and social leaders George Gammon and Mary (Wilson) Gregg, whose descendants lived here 58 years. 1912-1930s owner, cotton exporter John W. Furrh, rebuilt the structure, adding stately columns. In 1972, place was restored by Grace Elder. Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 1973

Resource Name: Hagerty House
Address: 505 E. Rusk St.
Architect: Higgins,Thomas
County: Harrison
City: Marshall
Architectural Style: OTHER
Narrative: Constructed in 1889 by Thomas Higgins, the two-story Hagerty House was the first solid brick residence in Marshall. Texas and Pacific Railroad craftsmen built the house for William P. Hagerty, the personal engineer for Texas and Pacific Railroad president, George J. Gould. The symmetrical Victorian house displays characteristics of Italianate architecture, such as the formal balance of the front facade, large brackets supporting the projecting eaves and a low pitch roof.

Situated on a gentle slope, the Hagerty House was in the first residential addition made to the original 64 block townsite of Marshall. A stone fence marks the property line and a curbstone engraved with Hagerty's name symbolizes his prominence within the community. Crowning the second floor of the structure, the cornice terminates the low pitch roof. Large brackets support the wide eaves and are grouped together to complement the numerous second story windows.

The front or south elevation presents a symmetrical five-bay facade. A one-story gallery with ornate wood detailing originally extended across the front, but was removed, exposing the main entrance and first floor windows. Interrupting the cornice, a one-bay central gable serves as a reminder of a two-story portico and pediment which once dominated the central bay. Presently, the central bay consists of first and second floor entrances. The current doors are pierced by a large light with small panes of art glass framing the larger section of glass, Both openings exhibit transom lights and are topped with segmental arches. Flanking each side of the windows double header, segmental arch windows enliven both floors of the five-bay facade. The two-over-two first floor windows extend to ground level and are much taller than the second floor openings.

The remaining facades do not express the balance of the front elevation. A small one-story projecting bay, along with a pair of two-over-two windows directly above this extension dominate the west facade. Linking the two windows, a single segmented arch crowns the openings. The remaining portions of this elevation include four symmetrically placed windows and a one-story solid brick wing (containing the bathroom for the master bedroom) extending to the north.

Set back from the one-story rear wings, the second story of the north facade displays the familiar two-over-two windows with segmental arches. The one-story kitchen wing is pierced with four small windows (shortened to accommodate modern kitchen facilities) and a small entrance. Another rear door opens into the dining room. Because of the gentle slope of the land, brick steps greet the two rear entrances.

Resembling the west elevation, the east facade features a rectangular projecting bay and a pair of second story windows with a segmental arch. The interior reinforces the symmetry of the front facade. The centrally located stairwell is flanked by twin parlors. Sliding doors separate the east parlor from the dining room and the west parlor from the master bedroom, Exhibiting walnut woodwork and shutters, the parlors are decorated with stenciled canvas ceilings. Because of the present owners interest in preservation, the house contains antique furnishings, and the exterior has been restored to its original appearance except for the missing gallery and portico.

Built for William Hagerty, personal engineer for Texas and Pacific Railroad president, George J. Gould, the Hagerty House stands as one of the few examples of Victorian Italianate architecture in Marshall. Thomas Higgins constructed the house in 1889 and employed many skilled craftsmen from the Texas and Pacific Railroad. As a result, the quality of the two-story brick structure is outstanding, and it was one of the finest houses in the prosperous 19th century town of Marshall. After years of neglect, the building has been restored (except for the front gallery) and has been one of the most important projects in Marshall's preservation movement.

For many reasons, the house was quite unique for the town. Most homes of Marshall during the late 1800's were of wood framed construction. Lumber was plentiful because of the abundant forest land nearby, and the popular style of that period was the ornate gingerbread detailing. However, the Hagerty house was the first solid brick house in Marshall and the first to display Italianate architecture.

Although the house is significant primarily for its architecture the history of William P. Hagerty is worthy of note. He was born in Enisthymen, County Clare, Ireland of noble lineage. A zealous member of the Roman Catholic Church, he helped organize a rebellion to free the Irish from England during a period of famine and British oppression. Charged with attempting to overthrow the government, Hagerty fled for his life when the rebellion failed. He successfully evaded British soldiers and boarded a ship bound for New York.

Arriving in the U.S. in 1862, Hagerty eventually settled in Philadelphia where relatives had already established themselves. He became a reporter for the Philadelphia Record in 1864 and developed a close friendship with the publisher, John Owyer, who later published a booklet on Hagerty's life. While working on the Record, Hagerty was intrigued with a Texas and Pacific Railroad employment advertisement. He joined the railroad, trained as an engineer and in 1876 moved to Marshall, the eastern terminus of the T&P Railroad. Hagerty was quite successful in his career and soon became the personal engineer for George J. Gould, the president of the company,

While in Marshall, he met and married Molly Allbright. The parents of five children, William and Molly Hagerty were devout members of St. Joseph Catholic Church. In 1889 they decided to build a new home. Wishing to be near the church and parochial school, they bought land adjacent to the school and later that year, moved into to the newly completed two-story house.

While en route to New Orleans in 1906, Hagerty was killed in a train accident. His wife died a year later, but the house remained in the possession of their children. In 1967 the house was vacated and soon began to deteriorate. Because of its dilapidated condition, the old structure was an eyesore and many of the townspeople wanted to demolish it. However, in 1972, a prominent local physician, Dr. James Harris purchased the building from Joseph Hagerty, one of William Hagerty's sons. Initiating a restoration program, Harris soon sold the house to his son Dr. Rush Harris who has continued work on the house.

Marker Title: Hagerty-Harris House
Address: 505 E. rusk Ave.
City: Marshall
County: Harrison
Year Marker Erected: 1977
Designations: Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
Marker Location:
Marker Text: Texas & Pacific Railroad shop craftsmen built this residence of handpressed bricks in 1889 for William P. Hagerty (1844-1906), personal engineer of T. & P. President George J. gould. Stenciled canvas ceiling decorate some rooms. Hagerty, who fled his native Ireland as a rebel, married Mollie Allbright (d. 1907) and had five children. The house was badly deteriorated in 1972 when it was purchased and restored by the families of dr. James H. Harris and his son Dr. rush C. Harris. Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 1977

Marker Title: John Barry Henderson Home
Address:
City: Marshall
County: Harrison
Year Marker Erected: 1963
Designations: Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
Marker Location: about 5 miles north of Marshall on US 59
Marker Text: Rear wing built before 1861. way station on route of Shreveport-to-Daingerfield stage. Main part built 1868-1871 by Henderson, who during Civil War had furnished beef to the Confederate Army. Thick ground floor walls are of hand-cut local iron-ore rock (only 19th century native stone home in county). Frame second story has narrow cantilevered porch with ornamental railing. Still in family of Henderson. Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 1963

The original appearance of the Hochwald House cannot be determined with certainty, because no dated historic photographs or descriptions of the house have been located. An early zinc engraving of the house, believed to be 70 years old, reveals the irregularly shaped south and west elevations of the two-and-a-half story frame building, which rests on a brick foundation. An elliptical, Colonial Revival porch is supported by four fluted Ionic columns that rise through the second-story balcony to support an overweight, bracketed
portico. Stylized leaves and flowers symmetrically placed between deeply carved volutes enrich the capitals. Three one-story columns with thinner shafts support the southern extension of the porch. The external door that leads to the second-floor porch is outfitted with deeply etched glass and bears the initials "I.H." These same initials also appear in the ornamental glass above the north end of the second-story hallway. The roofline is highlighted by a balustrade with turned wooden balusters that runs the length of the porch, an
enormous cupola crowned with a weathervane, and several cross gables.

The main entryway can be seen through the columns on the first floor and consists of a door with sidelights and a transom. To the left of the door is found a three-part window with an oversized transom. All of the windows on the first floor are elongated and with the exception of the triple window, are singly placed. The external walls of the second floor are not visible. A one-storied extension of the porch with balustrade overhead appears on-the west end of the main (south) facade, molded chimneys are attached to the east and west elevation. Mature trees and a cyclone fence define the yard.

Photographs taken in 1978 reveal more of a Queen Anne detailing. The half-timber construction on the east- elevation gable and the south elevation's lateral bay overhang, with its exquisitely cut brackets, provide a strong contrast for the rest of the house. No two elevations are alike, and the bold, ribbed chimneys are the only elements that are repeated on the entire structure.

A series of Sanborn Insurance maps of Marshall, assembled for the years 1904, 1909, 1915, and 1931 (the only applicable years available), show no changes between 1904 and 1909. During the interval 1909 to 1915, a masonry building labeled "Auto ho." was recorded just north and east of the main house. A moderate sized room was added to the northeast facade. A small porch on the main facade was replaced with a massive, semicircular projection which wrapped around the south and east sides of the house. And a shingle-roofed appendage, the porte cochere, was attached to the east side of the northern edge of the semicircular porch. A pair of stout, fluted, Ionic columns resting on a stone slab and brick piers stabilize the porte cochere today. Between 1915 and 1923, the northwest porch was filled in. No major construction changes are reflected in the maps dating from 1923 to 1931.

According to Isaac Hochwald's daughter, Miss Roberta Hochwald, the following alterations were made in 1912. (1) A garage with the owner's initials engraved on the door was built south of the carriage house ("Auto ho."). (2) A concrete drive equipped with a turntable large enough for the family car was laid to provide access to the garage. (3) A porte cochere was built to cover the house's east entrance. (4) The rear, west porch was glassed in. (5) A sleeping porch was added to the second story above this porch. (6) The
cupola and roof balustrade were removed. And (7) the entire structure was stuccoed. With the exception of item (1), this list agrees with the evidence shown on the Sanborn maps.

Seven rooms were laid out on the ground floor: a central hall, kitchen, pantry, half-bath, parlor, music room, and dining room, the last three equipped with chimneys. An ornate, single-landing, wooden stairway is located in the central hall and leads to the second floor. Four bedrooms, three with fireplaces, and a bathroom are located on the second story. Handcarved oak columns with elaborate columns are used as dividers between the first floor hall and parlor and the music room. Wainscoting and wide ceiling moldings crafted with beaded, carved woodwork are found throughout the house.

Every door in the structure was constructed with its own transom. A level glass transom which complements the design of the door and sidelight sits grandly above the main entrance. The upper half of the entryway of the facade is finished with 15 small panes of glass.

The entire structure has been painted recently, rear porches were enclosed, and the roof was covered with imitation barrel tile some time ago. The Hochwald House boldly exhibits architectural features associated with Queen Anne and Colonial Revival styles. That those features were coeval is doubtful, but they add up to a landmark worthy of study and preservation. The Hochwald House is being adaptively reused as an antique shop and museum.

The Hochwald House was completed in 1895 after two years of painstaking work. Located at 211 West Grand Avenue in Marshall, Texas, it is one of the major remaining structures that can be linked to the period of Jewish preeminence. Isaac Hochwald, an influential member of the city's burgeoning merchant class, and one of the primary organizers of the Moses Montefiore Synagogue, built the now much-altered residence. The house presently features a monumentally proportioned, two-storied semicircular porch in the conventional Colonial Revival style popular regionally during the early 1900's. However, its overall massing, occasional exposed timbering, and the bold relief of the roofline and ribbed chimneys suggest that the unknown architect of the Hochwald House also had some knowledge of the Queen Anne styling.

Texas' mercantile phase began to emerge during the late 19th century. The merchant class of Marshall, Texas, was constituted during the aftermath of Reconstruction, and it was the lure of this expanding postwar economy that attracted Lionel Kahn (d. 1896) to Texas around 1870. Khan was a French Jew from Rohr, Lorraine. In 1887 he brought a twelve-year-old boy named Isaac Hochwald (1865-1956), adopted from a New Orleans orphanage, to live with him in Marshall. There Lionel Kahn and his brother E. Kahn (d. 1909)
opened the Great Railway Supply Store, a retail outlet modeled after the company stores that flourished during the plantation era. These businesses advanced credit to sharecroppers at the beginning of the season, supplied them during the year, and settled with them after the harvest had been gathered. The Great Railway Supply Store, which was a profitable venture, extended credit to employees of the Texas and Pacific Railroad, sold them merchandise, lent them money, and cashed their payroll checks.

The Kahn brothers and Hochwald enjoyed phenomenal success in Marshall. When the Kahn's died, Hochwald became sole owner of the largest mercantile establishment in the northeastern part of the state. He built a home commensurate with his wealth and stature in 1894-1895. The two-story, clapboard Queen Anne mansion was an extraordinarily large and ornate house for Marshall, and was touted by local residents as one of the most splendid.

As a prominent member of the business community, Hochwald participated in many civic activities. He was a trustee of the local school system, organizer and first president of the Marshall Rotary Club, organizer and president of the East Texas Baseball League (Hochwald was the owner of the Marshall team), and was a member of many fraternal groups. Hochwald was also an active member of the local Jewish community, and devoted much of his time to the establishment of the Moses Montefiore Synagogue, and he served the congregation as its president for more than 20 years. While the house has undergone major changes that have substantially altered its appearance, all of these changes were made more than 60 years ago, and have become an integral part of the historic fabric. In fact, the Hochwald House provides a rare and unusual opportunity to dissect and analyze the superposition of styles used in its construction and subsequent alteration.

In the absence of historical photographs or dated drawings of the structure, changes recorded on the Sanborn Insurance Company maps for Marshall from 1899 to 1931 are described in section seven in some detail. More than anything else, the Hochwald House is an amalgamation of building styles, namely the Colonial Revival and Queen Anne, and the owner's taste. Isaac Hochwald will be remembered as the powerful local merchant who owned the great Railroad Supply Store for many years, and who was instrumental in the building of the Moses Montefiore temple. He will also be remembered for his home, a legacy from a period of marked ostentation.